In addition to bitumen mastic, liquid glass is used to water the foundation of the house – this product is slightly more expensive than bitumen, but operational characteristics are better. The composition of the liquid glass solution has salt and water, in which purified sand and caustic soda are added. The result of firing will be the calcium crystals (CA) or sodium silicate (Na2SIO3) soluble in water. Sodium silicate makes concrete captivity is better, the pores of the solution are filled with crystals of substance due to the high adhesion of liquid glass.
The use of liquid glass in construction
Each listed method has its own technology:
Coating from liquid glass for roller and adhesive waterproofing materials;
Penetrating waterproofing – the method is based on the use of a solution of liquid glass involved on cement;
Concrete monolith with liquid glass additives.
The handling of liquid glass has a feature associated with the properties of the substance – sodium silicate dissolves in water, therefore:
Liquid glass coating should be protected with additional layers with roll waterproofing materials;
Adding NA2SIO3 to a cement-sand or concrete solution reduces the strength of these building materials, therefore it is recommended to add no more than 3% of liquid glass to concrete;
Liquid glass in the solution is very quickly grasped, while you cannot mix the solution to stop grasping, since the setting will stop completely. It is recommended to work with small portions of the solution so that they can be quickly consumed.
Crystal technology
The coating method of waterproofing is used if it is impossible to apply bitumen mastic, for example, when using polymer waterproofing, which cannot be contacted with solvents or oil distillation products. In its pure form, the Na2SIO3 does not protect the surface from anything, but with the reaction of liquid glass with concrete materials, the pores of concrete are filled with Na2SIO3 crystals, which makes it waterproof.
A layer of liquid glass is applied with a thickness of 2-3 mm, so saving materials is evident. How to work:
First, the surface is prepared: it is cleaned of any third -party substances, and then the surface of the concrete is made more rough with a metal brush. To increase diffusion;
Liquid glass is applied to the foundation with a wide brush or roller in 2-3 layers. The previous layer should completely dry before applying the subsequent.
After complete drying of the foundation covered with liquid glass, it can be protected by roll waterproofing.
Cement-silicate penetrating waterproofing
The cement-silicate mixture allows you to fill leaks in the cracks of walls or foundation, waterproofing joints and seams of a block or slab foundation. The mixture based on cement is diluted with water, into which liquid glass has already been added. Liquid glass volume – ≤ 5% of the total solution of the solution.
The surfaces are prepared – cleaned, remove dust and dirt. Large cracks or deep seams are stroke so that waterproofing penetrates as deep as possible;
A solution of penetrating waterproofing is prepared as follows: water is added to the liquid glass in a ratio of 1: 10 – 1: 15. High -marble Portland cement is added to this solution, mix until thick and plastic mass is obtained. Mixing is carried out once – if you mix the finished solution, it will lose its waterproofing properties.
The cement mixture is applied with a spatula or trowel on cracks and seams with preliminary wetting of the processed surface. Then the mixture needs to be leveled and wait until it dries completely.
Liquid glass and pouring monolithic foundation
When using a solution with liquid glass, concrete becomes waterproof throughout the thickness, but there is a drawback: concrete becomes fragile and less durable. To level the negative consequences of using liquid glass, the foundation is enhanced by reinforcement, and the sand pillow under the base is made 1.5-2 times thicker. How to work with such a mixture:
Marking the area of the base, installation of formwork for the foundation, and its reinforcement are performed.
The preparation of a sand-cement mixture with the addition of liquid glass is carried out in compliance with proportions-liquid glass should be no more than 5% of the volume of the total solution. Any aggregate should be present in the solution – gravel, crushed stone, expanded clay. The cement -sand solution itself is prepared in ordinary proportions – 1: 3: 3 (cement – sand – crushed stone);
After pouring the solution into the formwork, it cannot be triggered or mixed;
After a set of strength, concrete is insulated with polystyrene.